·When the fuel consumption limit is approaching, which parts will benefit?

The third-stage fuel consumption limit of 6.9 liters per 100 kilometers was fully implemented on January 1 this year. On January 5, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the newly revised "Living Vehicle Fuel Consumption Limits" and "Pedestrian Vehicle Fuel Consumption Evaluation Methods and Indicators". According to relevant sources from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, from 2015 to 2020, the average fuel consumption targets set by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology for the production of passenger cars in the same year were 6.9 liters, 6.7 liters, 6.4 liters, 6 liters, 5.5 liters and 5 liters per 100 kilometers respectively.
In the 2013 passenger car fuel consumption limit, there were 22 independent brands that did not meet the standards. Recently, the reporter's multi-party investigation found that the vehicle manufacturers basically achieve the third stage fuel consumption limit is not a problem, the premise is a comprehensive upgrade of the traditional car. However, it is very challenging to achieve the fourth stage fuel consumption limit of 5 liters per 100 kilometers. A number of interviewees told reporters that for any vehicle manufacturer, to achieve the four stages of the standard, it is a comprehensive system engineering. With the approach of more stringent fuel consumption limits, various auto companies have a clearer energy-saving technology route. On January 14, the reporter found through interviews that the focus of the car companies before 2018 is still on the traditional car fuel economy, after all, the new energy car "far water can not save a wide range of near fire." Then, in the traditional car full-scale fuel-saving upgrade, which parts and components technology will be quickly applied?
Powertrain upgrade article â– The supercharged direct injection technology is the mainstream traditional car will not disappear for a while. It is impossible to launch a new energy vehicle on a large scale, so it is a realistic choice to make the traditional power cleaner and save fuel.
According to a survey by Shengbo, in order to meet the fuel consumption standards, the overall fuel economy of each car company needs to maintain a growth rate of 6.7% per year from 2016 to 2020. For most domestic car companies, this is undoubtedly a huge challenge.
In response to the fuel consumption limits of different stages, vehicle manufacturers have formulated various stages of compliance planning. Deng Wei, director of the Powertrain Development Institute of Changan Automobile Power Research Institute, said in an interview: "In 2017, we will adopt new platform products, and will also absorb more advanced technologies from R&D centers in Changan Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. To meet the higher fuel consumption limit requirements. At present, engine miniaturization is the mainstream trend. Turbocharging and in-cylinder direct injection technology will be widely used by domestic automakers.” Xu Heyi, chairman of BAIC Group, said in an interview with this reporter that fuel consumption should be addressed. The limit requirements, the car companies are currently mainly to achieve engine miniaturization and lightweight design of the body to achieve. FAW Group has formulated detailed plans for different stages of fuel consumption restrictions. To meet the third-stage fuel consumption limit, the company will work hard on gasoline-ignited engines. In the fourth phase, the gasoline-ignited engine plus 48-volt auxiliary system will be used to fully utilize the second-generation in-cylinder direct injection engine and braking energy. Recycling, acceleration assistance, and start-stop devices. Long Yongsheng, chief engineer of Dongfeng Motor Corporation's technical center, said that the boosting technology, the compression ratio technology and the auxiliary measures upgrade the traditional power.
It can be seen from the technical route of the whole vehicle enterprise that turbocharged + direct injection in the cylinder is the mainstream choice for most domestic automakers.
Liu Xue, deputy director of the marketing department of Harbin Dongan Automobile Engine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. said in an interview: "The optimization and upgrading of the engine, turbocharging technology is inevitable. Undoubtedly Boe Warner, Honeywell, Shanghai Lingzhong and other turbochargers The market demand of enterprises will increase. In addition, direct injection in the cylinder is also necessary. Bosch, Delphi, mainland and other companies have mature in-cylinder direct injection technology, and in the future they will get more demand from domestic car companies."
On January 14, Honeywell China technical manager Quan Bin said in an interview: "The gasoline engine has to reach the power of the 'small horse-drawn cart', and the supercharger is a relatively mature technical route. The current turbocharged enterprise is very We are optimistic about the passenger car field. Chery, Geely, Brilliance, Dongfeng, SAIC and many other independent brands are our customers. Compared with last year, these customers' demand in 2015 has increased significantly.” Last year, except for Honeywell In addition, many turbocharged manufacturers such as Bosch Mahler and BorgWarner have expanded their production capacity in China.
■ Energy-saving products such as start-stop devices are expected to be popularized. “Everyone understands that it is impossible to meet the fourth-stage fuel consumption limit. It is impossible to rely solely on traditional gasoline engines. At that time, hybrid and start-stop technologies must be adopted by more vehicle companies. Liu Research told reporters. FAW Group also clearly stated in the plan that the fourth-stage fuel consumption regulations will fully adopt fuel-saving technologies such as start-stop devices.
At present, there are many enterprises with start-stop technology in China. At the Guangzhou Auto Parts Exhibition held at the end of last year, GAC Parts exhibited self-developed start-stop products. Bosch began to promote the start-stop system in 2013. Bosch's tests show that 30% of engine operation is unnecessary, which means that the vehicle can be taxied about one-third of the time while driving. In actual traffic, the taxi function can reduce fuel consumption by 10%. Dr. Rolf Brand, a member of the Bosch Board of Directors, said: "The sliding function of the start-stop system is economical and practical, and can be adapted to all types of internal combustion engines, which can significantly reduce fuel consumption."
The reason why the start-stop system has not been widely adopted in the past two years, because of its high cost, is not very useful on the highway, it is suitable for urban road conditions. In order to reach the fourth stage fuel consumption standard, there will be a lot of vehicle manufacturers in China to adopt the start-stop device. After all, the technology of starting and stopping technology is more effective, and it contributes to the average fuel consumption of enterprises.
In addition, technical upgrades to other engine components can also provide fuel economy. Liu scientific research introduced in the interview, it is expected that the future electronically controlled oil pump is the trend of the engine. There are also upgrades for oil-impregnated belts, cylinder head castings, VVTs, spark plugs, etc., which can bring fuel-saving space to traditional power. Wang Yang, a technician at Telford Engine, believes that in order to meet the standards, technologies such as variable displacement, which have not been used before, will also be adopted by vehicle manufacturers.
In addition to the engine, the transmission multi-shift technology and other technologies have contributed to fuel economy. Parts on these powertrains will get more applications in the future.
Lightweight body article "In addition to optimizing the powertrain, the weight reduction of the body, the reduction of the drag coefficient and many other common energy-saving technologies will be widely adopted." Institute of Automotive Industry and Technology Strategy, Tsinghua University Chang Fufu said in an interview.
Despite the different models, the weight reduction of the car body is different. But the body is light, and the fuel economy is certain. It is reported that for every 100kg of vehicle weight reduction, it can save 0.3 to 0.5 liters per 100 kilometers. On January 14th, Wang Dengfeng, a professor at the School of Automotive Engineering at Jilin University, said in an interview with this reporter: "Lightweight has a certain contribution to fuel consumption. If the various ways of fuel-saving contribution add up to 100%, lightweight can contribute. 10 to 20%."
â–  High-strength steel sheet hot forming demand Large high-strength steel sheet hot forming technology is the latest technology to simultaneously achieve lightweight car body and improve collision safety. At present, joint venture vehicles use high-strength steel thermoforming technology in automotive components.
Wang Dengfeng said: "Lightweight is constrained by many factors such as cost, especially economic car costs are very high. But in order to cope with more stringent fuel consumption limits, vehicle companies do not rule out the use of more high-strength steel thermoforming in the B-pillar, On the safety parts such as the door anti-collision beam and the bumper beam, the parts and components enterprises related to hot forming will benefit in the future, and the market demand is very large."
â–  Lightweight materials will be widely used in engines and transmissions, and aluminum alloys have been widely used. At present, 60% of the cars in China use lightweight aluminum alloy die-casting cylinders, and the joint venture vehicles basically use aluminum-gold die-casting cylinders. Wang Dengfeng believes that aluminum front and rear bumpers, some models have begun to apply, it is light weight, high efficiency, strong impact resistance, performance, but the cost will be slightly higher. It is expected that with the mass production, some cost pressures will be diluted, and the demand for front and rear aluminum bumpers will increase in the future.
In addition, magnesium alloys are commonly used on steering wheel skeletons and instrument panel skeletons. In the future, the demand for magnesium alloy interior skeletons will increase. However, subject to cost pressure, it will not be widely promoted.
Wang Dengfeng believes: "Fiber-reinforced composite materials will be more used by automobiles. For example, glass fiber can be used on exterior parts, and fiber-reinforced materials can be used on interior parts. These parts are light and low-cost, and will be used in the future. Get a good application."

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