Automaker Toyota Motor Corporation ("Toyota") and technology company Tesla are attacking the world's new energy car lords from different paths. Recently, Toyota announced that it will provide Toyota's exclusive rights to use approximately 5,680 fuel cell-related patents (including pending patents) as one of the measures to promote the popularization of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs).
This is not the first time that auto companies have opened patent technology for free in the new energy field. In June 2014, Tesla proposed to open all patented technologies to promote the development of electric vehicles. The two companies are becoming more and more flamboyant in the field of new energy vehicles, and they are trying to win more alliances and accelerate the pace of development in an open manner.
In order to promote the popularization of relevant technologies, Toyota believes that it is committed to the development and commercialization of FCV, and the energy company responsible for the construction of hydrogen refueling stations. It is especially important to carry out the popularization work together. Based on this, Toyota decided to provide the right to use patents such as fuel cell stacks, high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, and fuel cell control systems at the initial stage of market introduction (expected by the end of 2020). In addition, in order to promote the popularization of the hydrogen refueling station as soon as possible, the right to use the patent of the hydrogen refueling station for manufacturing and supplying hydrogen will be provided indefinitely.
The use of these patents is the same as the general procedure for obtaining patent rights. It is necessary to apply to Toyota and sign a contract after individual negotiation on specific conditions of use. Toyota China News spokesperson Niu Wei said in an interview with the "First Financial Daily" reporter that fuel cell vehicle technology and Toyota's hybrid vehicle technology are in the same line, sharing with the core technology of hybrid motor and electronic control, Mirai There are engineers from the hybrid design team in the engineering design team. After years of development, Toyota's hybrid technology is very mature. It has sold more than 7 million hybrid cars worldwide. However, due to the construction of basic facilities and facilities for fuel cell vehicles, the difficulty of popularization is relatively high. This time, we will open related patents and hope that other car companies and energy companies will jointly promote.
Previously, Toyota was accused of being relatively embarrassed in terms of hybrid car technology. Toyota has repeatedly issued a series of favorable new energy vehicle preferential policies in China. The industry believes that this has a lot to do with Toyota's non-plug-in hybrid technology. Toyota’s joint venture hybrid battery company in China, Kelimei, has even suffered from the “anti-monopoly†clause of the Chinese Ministry of Commerce. In July last year, the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China issued the "Announcement on the Addition of Restrictive Conditions to Approve Keliyuan, Toyota China, PEVE, Xinzhongyuan, and Toyota Tsusho to Establish a Consolidated Anti-monopoly Review Decision for Operators of Joint Venture Cases" (Ministry of Commerce Announcement 2014) No. 49 of the year pointed out that the Ministry of Commerce approved additional restrictive conditions, one of the conditions is that Kelimei should realize the external sales of the products within 3 years after the production.
In response to Toyota’s such “generous†opening of fuel cell-related patents, Zhang Zhiyong, an automotive analyst, said in an interview with the “First Financial Daily†reporter that Toyota’s strategy is changing and there are significant improvements in business thinking. It is difficult and stressful to rely solely on the Toyota family to promote fuel cell vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to pull in more companies and capital to join this camp in order to accelerate the pace of development.
It is reported that Toyota has been burning money for more than a decade before the development of hybrid cars, and the Toyota official has not yet officially responded. Zhang Zhiyong said that fuel cell vehicles are the ultimate goal of new energy vehicles. Technology is more complicated and more difficult than hybrid technology. At present, other auto companies in the world have not yet made substantial progress in fuel cell vehicles, so even Toyota puts More than 5,000 patents were opened, and other auto companies could not catch up with Toyota in a short period of time. Moreover, Toyota did not point out that it is the right to use all the patents for fuel cells, and may have some core patents in hand.
Niu Wei stressed that the opening of technology is Toyota's consistent style. In the hybrid technology, it has cooperated with Mazda, Ford and other car companies. No matter how good the technology is, it is of little significance. This time, it will further expand the patent for free. Use right. Niu Wei mentioned that Toyota's patents are divided into three types, one is for free use, one is for paid use, and the other is for patents that are limited to internal use.
Inevitable Contest On the 15th of last month, Toyota officially launched a four-seat fuel cell sedan named "Mirai" in Japan. The car is priced at 7.236 million yen (about 400,000 yuan). The Japanese government will subsidize 2.02 million yen per car, and consumers only need to pay about 5.2 million yen (about 270,000 yuan).
Toyota originally planned to sell 400 vehicles in Japan in 2015 and export 300 fuel cell vehicles overseas, mainly to the United States and Europe. However, at present, more than 1,000 orders have been received in Japan. According to the current production speed, subscribers need to wait for one to two years to pick up the car. In order to meet consumer demand as soon as possible, Toyota has decided to invest an additional 20 billion yen to build two production lines and expand production capacity to three times as soon as possible.
Fuel cell vehicles are powered by electrical energy generated by chemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen. The just-listed Mirai fuel cell car is full of a box of hydrogen in just 3 minutes. After filling up the fuel, it can run for more than 650 kilometers. The endurance is no less than the traditional petrochemical fuel vehicle, the fuel cost and the cost of gasoline. quite.
Fuel cell models have long been considered the ultimate direction for the development of new energy vehicles due to their high energy conversion efficiency, completely pollution-free emissions and more convenient and efficient use conditions. However, due to the high price of fuel cells, it has not been popularized. Jia Xinguang, an expert on the Standing Committee of the China Automobile Circulation Association, said in an interview with the reporter of China Business News that the cost of hydrogen fuel vehicles was $2 million 10 years ago, and the cost is now about 1/30. Less than $70,000, Bitsla may be more competitive.
When the Toyota fuel cell car Mirai went public, it was regarded as a competitor of Tesla. At present, Tesla's cheapest ModelS model also reached $63.57 million, while the price in China is higher, from 648,800 to 980,500 yuan. In terms of price alone, Tesla pure electric vehicles are no more advantageous than fuel vehicles. For Tesla, Toyota has said that fuel cell vehicles are more suitable for long-distance driving, and the hydrogenation time will be much less than the charging time.
However, Zhang Zhiyong believes that the current difficulty in popularizing fuel vehicles is greater than that of pure electric vehicles. For example, the construction of hydrogen refueling stations is obviously more difficult than the construction of charging stations. This is one of the important reasons for Toyota to provide relevant patents for free. Toyota needs Drive more companies to join in promoting the popularity of fuel cell vehicles and the construction of related facilities, which is different from non-plug-in hybrid vehicles that did not require related facilities before. In view of multiple reasons, Niu Wei said that the fuel cell vehicle Mirai has no plans to sell in China. In 2015, Toyota is mainly promoting the pace of localization of hybrid vehicles in China. At present, the localization of hybrid cores in Jiangsu Changshu base has been More than 100 local suppliers work together.
At the same time, Tesla is constantly exerting its efforts. On December 26, 2014, it released an upgraded version of the first-generation Roadster that was discontinued two years ago. The cruising range reached 644 kilometers, 60% higher than the original. Advances in battery technology have improved the performance of Tesla products, with the Roadster's cruising range of 393 kilometers. With an open technology and a "Silicon Valley" development model, Tesla is also accelerating the road.
The competition between Tesla's pure electric vehicles and Toyota's fuel cell vehicles is just beginning.
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