Instrumentation Development and Design New Features

The characteristics of today's instrumentation:

1, hardware function software. With the development of microelectronics technology, the speed of microprocessors is getting faster and faster, and the price is getting lower and lower. It has been widely used in instrumentation, making some real-time requirements very high. The functions that were originally completed by hardware can be passed. Software to achieve. Even many of the problems that were previously difficult to solve with hardware circuits or that cannot be solved at all can be solved with software technology. The development of digital signal processing technology and the wide adoption of high-speed digital signal processors have greatly enhanced the signal processing capabilities of the instrument. Digital filtering, FFT, correlation, convolution, etc. are common methods of signal processing. Their common feature is that the main operations of the algorithm are composed of iterative multiplication and addition. If these operations are performed on a general-purpose microcomputer, the calculation time is Longer, and the digital signal processor through the hardware to complete the above multiplication and addition operations, greatly improving the performance of the instrument and promote the digital signal processing technology in the field of instrumentation is widely used.

2, integrated, modular. With the development of large-scale integrated circuit LSI technology, the density of integrated circuits has become higher and higher, the volume has become smaller and smaller, the internal structure has become more and more complex, and the functions have become more and more powerful. This has greatly increased each module and thus the entire instrument system. The degree of integration. Modular function hardware is a powerful support for modern instrumentation. It makes the instrument more flexible and the hardware composition of the instrument is more concise. For example, when some kind of test function needs to be added, only a small amount of modular function hardware is added, and then the call is made. The corresponding software can use this hardware.

3, parameter setting and modification in real time. With the development of various field-programmable devices and on-line programming techniques, the parameters and even the structure of the instrument and meter do not have to be determined at design time, but can be placed and dynamically modified in real-time on the field where the instrument is used.

4, the generalization of the hardware platform. Modern instrumentation emphasizes the role of software, matching one or more basic instrument hardware with commonalities to form a common hardware platform, and expands or forms various functions of instruments or systems by invoking different software. An instrument can be roughly decomposed into three parts: 1) data acquisition; 2) analysis and processing of data; 3) storage, display or output. The traditional instrument is set up by the manufacturer to set the above three types of functional components in a fixed manner according to the function of the instrument. Generally, one type of instrument has only one or several functions. Modern instruments combine general hardware modules with one or more of the above functions to compose any kind of instrument by compiling different software.