Archaeological findings: The real master of the Terracotta Warriors was not the First Emperor!

In 1974, Xiyang Village, Linyi County, Xi’an Province discovered a rare Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit of the Qin Dynasty. After careful exploration and research by experts, it was determined that the pit was the tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuang's mausoleum, and the clay pottery that was shaped according to the size of the real man was the brave army that followed Qin Shihuang's battle for the Quartet and united the six nations. However, a person named Chen Jingyuan put forward a very different point of view, he believes: The Terracotta Warriors and Horses is not the emperor's funeral, the owner of Terracotta Warriors and other people.

Chen Jingyuan is an ordinary scholar in architecture. As early as in 1974, Chen Jingyuan had completed a work called "Jian Aji". In the book, Chen Jingyuan expounded the theory of architecture from the professional perspective that A House was not a theory built by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, and boldly proposed that Qin Shihuang did not build an astonishing view of himself during his lifetime.

Question one: The pit is so far away from the Qinling Mausoleum. Is it the Emperor Qin Shihuang?

It was early November 1974 when Chen Jingyuan served in the Nanjing Museum. The comrades of the museum told Chen Jingyuan about the discovery of the Terracotta Army. Chen Jingyuan, who had always had a keen interest in the Qinling Mountains, deliberately ran to Xi’an to investigate. Chen Jingyuan is a scholar in architecture and worked in Jiangsu Provincial Land and Resources Bureau before retiring. In the tent of the archaeological team excavated by the Terra Cotta Warriors, Chen Jingyuan was fortunate to see the captain of the archeological team of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses and the former director of the Qin Shihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Professor Yuan Zhongyi. However, the disagreement between Chen Jingyuan and Yuan Zhongyi on the academic point of view also started from this meeting.

Chen Jingyuan discovered a major suspicion during this visit to Xi'an: From the tomb of Qin Shihuang to Shek Keng, it was recently 1.5 kilometers. If you add the width of the pit itself, this distance will be even further. From a common sense point of view, who will put the funerary pit at such a distant location? Lushan is a feng shui treasure land. In addition to the Qinling mausoleum, other tombs are often found nearby. Since the density of the tomb in this area is relatively large, how can we be certain that the Terracotta Army is the emperor's funeral?

He wrote these questions to the archeological team and hoped to get a convincing explanation. However, he did not get a reply. So, why did Yuan Zhongyi never reply? Actually, Yuan Zhongyi thought that when he and Chen Jingyuan met for the first time, they had already answered Chen Jingyuan’s questions. Yuan Zhongyi said that the Mausoleum of the Qin Dynasty has a wide range. Apart from the underground palace, it also surrounds the Inner City and the Outer City. Although the Terracotta Warriors and Horses seem to be far away from the Qinling Mausoleum outside the outer city, their distance is proportional to the area. For this explanation, Chen Jingyuan still can not be reconciled. Finally, he found several strong evidence.

Question two: Why did Emperor Qin Shi Huang not use iron weapons and chose to bury the lagging bronze weapons?

In Pits 1 and 2 of the Terracotta Warriors, a large number of step infants lined up around the chariot in a neat row of squares. Chen Jingyuan concluded that the chariot was the main force of this army. However, from the period of Yin Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period, with the continuous expansion of the war scale, the weaknesses of the car warfare gradually exposed, and it is often left to the left to care for the right side. Then, Qin Shihuang will use a large number of backward chariots during the war. Chen Jingyuan pointed out that after Qin Shihuang became a ruling party, the successive years of war forced him to optimize the structure of the army, using a large number of cavalry and infantry to match, making it lighter and easier. Combat. Judging from this point, the troops in the pit of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses should not be the troops of the First Qin Emperor, and its age must have been earlier.

For this, Yuan Zhongyi believes that it cannot be denied that it belongs to the First Emperor Qin because of the appearance of chariots in the pit. At present, there is no clear written record that Qin banned chariots. Although the chariot has its limitations, when the two armies are at war, its advantages in speed and impact are unmatched by infantry and cavalry. The military array of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses is an example of an organic combination of chariots, cavalry and infantry.

Chen Jingyuan apparently did not agree with this explanation. He pointed out another suspicion: A lot of heavy bronze weapons were found in the crater pits. Qin Shihuang, such a monarch who was good at conquering and unifying the Six Kingdoms, would not use advanced iron weapons. Is it obvious that there is a common sense in choosing backward and heavy bronze weapons to be buried? For this view, Yuan Zhongyi believes that the use of iron weapons instead of copper weapons has a process, because the popularization of smelting technology will take some time. Therefore, judging from the current archaeological data, the weapons unearthed in the Qin Dynasty were basically copper weapons, and there were very few iron weapons. The entire Qinling was unearthed only two or three pieces, and it was thus considered that the replacement of copper weapons by iron weapons was inconsistent with the actual situation.

Question three: The strongest teacher of Qin Shihuang did not even wear a helmet?

Chen Jingyuan’s question is still not over: Since the Qin Shi Huang’s army is a division of the strong forces that can unify the six countries, it should also be first class in terms of equipment. However, these soldiers in the pits have no helmet protection. It is inconceivable that this kind of rudimentary armor will be able to win the battlefield at a close distance. Indeed, archeologists found a stone armor pit near the Mausoleum of the Qin Dynasty. From the stone helmets and stone armor that have been put together, we seem to have seen the mighty heroes of the Qin army. What is strange is that since the Qin army has a helmet, why did not the soldier wear it?

Yuan Zhongyi believes that the Qin people were born between grasshoppers in the northwestern region and were habitually martial and mixed with nomadic people. Moreover, at the time, Shang Yang formulated a stringent law that could not be tolerated by any other country for Qin: As long as Qin Bing seized the enemy’s first rank, he could obtain a title of title, a place of residence, and a number of servants. Perhaps it was precisely because of this interest that the martial arts Qin Jun simply took off his heavy helmet and heavy armor and rushed to the battlefield to kill. "Historical Records" also described the Qin army's behavior: Qin Jun on the battlefield was barely disarmed, and even the only armor was taken off.

Question 4: The strange words on the soldiers' prophecy suggest that the Terracotta Warriors and Horses belongs to the Queen Mother Qin Xuan?

In 1975, a picture in the "No. 1 Newsletter of the Gentiana Pit in Lintong County" caught the attention of Chen Jingyuan. This picture is part of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, with a strange text engraved on it: The word is a spleen of a spleen next to the month. Although Chen Jingyuan is no stranger to Qin's writings, such strange words are still the first time.

In the “Excavation Briefing” written by the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses Archaeological Team, the experts interpreted the word “spleen”. Chen Jingyuan does not agree. He read through the "Jin Wenbian" edited by Rong Geng and the "Ancient Collection" compiled by Xu Wenjing and found that there are many forms of writing of the word "Humble" that constitute the right part of the word "Spleen." However, among the numerous types of characters, there is no single word that matches the word in the pit. This is the word that led to Chen Jingyuan’s astonishing discovery of the Terracotta Warriors’ owner.

In 1976, when Chen Jingyuan learned that Xi'an had discovered the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, he ran to Xi'an. In the Xi'an Cultural Management Office, the person in charge carefully took out a piece of Qin Dynasty barrel to watch Chen Jingyuan. This piece of tile is also engraved with a strange text, the left word Chen Jingyuan does not know, but the right of the month is still very easy to identify. Chen Jingyuan returned to Nanjing, where he had lived with the original text. But in the following two years, he faced a vast array of ancient texts.

By chance, Chen Jingyuan met the professor of Duan Xizhong, an expert in ancient Nanjing Normal University, at the library. After careful investigation, Professor Duan believes that the word on the left of the barrel of the Qin Dynasty is a variant of the word “芈” (Bi). This should be two separate characters, read as "Chang Yue." This eliminates Chen Jingyuan's long-standing confusion, and the word “芈” is no stranger to him. Qin Shihuang’s grandmother and Wang Hui of Qin Huiwen’s name—the Queen Mother Qin Xu’s surname “芈”. Therefore, Chen Jingyuan concluded that the owner of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses was not Qin Shi Huang, but was the grandmother of his grandmother, Qin Xuan. Yuan Zhongyi believes that the word cannot be dismantled. After one word is disassembled, the meaning is very different.

Question 5: People in Qin are still black, why are soldiers' clothes colorful?

The expert's explanation seemed to disappoint Chen Jingyuan, but he also proposed an unexpected proof that the Qin people were black and the soldiers’ clothes were colorful. At the time of excavation, a lot of paints still contained some pigments, and judging from the position and color of the paint, their clothes were colorful. In the era of Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s life, the gold, water, fire and earth elements were very popular. At that time, the Zhou Dynasty admired the fire. After the Emperor Qin Shihuang was killed in the Zhou Dynasty, he believed that his own water had conquered Zhou's fire. Therefore, the Shuide was the object of worship. In the Qin Dynasty, the corresponding color of the five elements was black. Qin Shi Huang also proclaimed "Shang Hei" as a decree. Since this is the case, these colorfully-armed soldiers found in the pits are difficult to interpret in the Qin Shihuang era, but if they are placed in the post-Tsunami era, they will be reasonably explained.

Yuan Zhongyi believes that the Qin Dynasty is still dark and only shows that the Qin people were black and expensive. They demanded that they wear black clothes on major occasions. It does not require the people of the country to wear clothes of other colors. Chen Jingyuan feels that Yuan Zhongyi lacks direct and strong evidence. Then, in the face of Chen Jingyuan’s repeated questioning, what is Yuan Zhongyi thinking?

Question 6: Why is it buried in the silt layer?

Yuan Zhongyi said that there were a lot of weapons of the Qin Dynasty unearthed in Pit No. 1. On the surface of a weapon that was called "Ge", it was clearly engraved with the inscription of "Five Years, Luibuweige."

Lu Buwei was the prime minister of Qin Shihuang and one of his duties was to be responsible for weapons production. Chen Jingyuan pointed out that in the pit pit's archaeological report, he mentioned five Gossips with the words "Langbang Lu Buwei," and other weapons have no clear signs of the age. For example, there were also some Qin weapons that were called “Xiang” in the pits. These weapons only marked “17 years” and “18 years”. It is difficult to judge which historical period they belonged to. Lv Buwei was in office for 10 years and died in the 12th year of Emperor Qin Shihuang. Therefore, the "cocoon" marked "16 years" certainly does not mean "Lv Buwei's 16 years". From this, it is inferred that except for the five inscriptions with the inscription of "Langbang Lu Buwei," other weapons that do not have a definite age should not be It was created during the time of Emperor Qin Shihuang.

Yuan Zhongyi pointed out that inscriptions emblazoned with "Temple workers" can be seen on many weapons. Temple workers are national institutions established by Qin Shihuang who are responsible for manufacturing weapons and rims. This clearly shows that the Terracotta Army was built during the Qin dynasty and its owner was Qin Shihuang. Chen Jingyuan took out a photo to support his point of view. This photo revealed a small secret when it was unearthed from Luebwege. It was not excavated from the pit floor but rather from a layer of silt that was a certain distance from the floor tile. Was found on. If "Got" and the pit were in an era, why did it not appear on the floor tiles of the pit, but instead ran away from a clay layer 29 to 250 centimeters from the floor tile?

In this regard, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Research Expert said that the bronze Ge was originally held by soldiers and was in an unoccupied position. In the past 2000 years, the puddles may have formed a silt layer due to natural causes such as surface seepage and flooding that flooded into a large amount of water. One day, the vacant copper Ge fell to the silt because it lost its carrier. Experts gave a near-perfect interpretation of this issue. It seems that the discussion of the owner of the Terracotta Warriors also had a clear result. Although the archaeological work of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit has not yet been completed, it is believed that with the continuous advancement of archaeological exploration around the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang and in-depth studies by archaeologists, the fog that enveloped the tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuang will gradually fade away and appear before everyone’s eyes. It will be a true history of Qin, a magnificent underground kingdom.